search results

A research group led by Japan Women's University has revealed that forests can capture airborne microplastics, potentially reducing human health risks. This groundbreaking discovery reaffirms the importance of forest conservation and management, providing a new perspective in environmental conservation and public health. The study conducted by the research group centered at Japan Women's University has become a new milestone in the fields of environmental protection and public health. The research revealed that microplastics, tiny plastic particles floating in the air, are adsorbed by the waxy layer called epicuticular wax on the surface of tree leaves. This suggests that forests have the potential to purify the air around us and reduce the risk of human inhalation of microplastics. What are Microplastics? Microplastics are small plastic fragments less than 5 millimeters in diameter, with those smaller than 100 micrometers (μm) being particularly prone to becoming airborne. These particles are generated from various daily activities such as washing clothes, using cosmetics, and the degradation of plastic products. Once released into the environment, they spread into the oceans, land, and air, potentially harming ecosystems and human health. Research Background Previous studies primarily focused on the accumulation of microplastics in aquatic environments such as oceans and rivers. However, recent studies have pointed out that microplastics also exist in the air people breathe daily, which is one of the main routes of intake into the human body. This increased awareness of airborne microplastics and the need for their management, but little was known about the specific capture mechanisms and the role of nature in reducing them. Research Content and Findings This study focused on a forested area located on the Nishi-Ikuta campus of Japan Women's University, mainly collecting leaves from konara oak trees. The research team developed a new method to analyze the microplastics trapped on the leaf surfaces and investigated the extent to which microplastics are adsorbed by the epicuticular wax. The results showed that microplastics strongly adhere to the epicuticular wax and cannot be sufficiently removed by conventional cleaning methods. This suggests that forests have the potential to function as effective sinks (absorption sources) for capturing airborne microplastics. It also revealed that through this mechanism, forests play a new and important role in reducing the risk of human inhalation of microplastics. Social Significance and Future Challenges This discovery suggests that forests in urban areas and their surroundings, as well as trees in streets and parks, can play an important role in measures against atmospheric microplastic pollution. It demonstrates that the approach of bioremediation, solving environmental problems using biological methods, can also be effective in tackling the microplastic issue. However, it is also pointed out that the microplastics captured by forests may fall to the ground with fallen leaves, accumulate in soil and water systems, and ultimately destroy forest ecosystems. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive strategy to better understand the impact of microplastics on the environment and manage them. Microplastic Capture Capacity of Forests This study showed that the ability of forests to capture airborne microplastics is due to the waxy layer called epicuticular wax on the surface of tree leaves. Epicuticular wax is a special structure developed by plants to protect themselves from the external environment, preventing excessive evaporation of moisture and blocking the invasion of harmful substances. The study revealed that epicuticular wax can physically adsorb microplastic particles and remove them from the air. Microplastic Issues and Forest Conservation The issue of microplastics has rapidly gained recognition as one of the global environmental problems in recent years. It has become known that microplastics spread not only in the oceans but also on land and in the air, raising concerns about their potential impact on health. The discovery that forests can capture airborne microplastics suggests that forest conservation is important not only for protecting biodiversity but also for safeguarding human health. Therefore, protecting and properly managing forests becomes an important strategy for both environmental conservation and public health. During a recent visit to the forest for maintenance, I witnessed the beautiful scenery of cherry and pine trees, which can be considered the original landscape of Japan. Mie Prefecture has a forest area of approximately 65% of its total land area, making it one of the leading forest prefectures in Japan, nurturing a diverse ecosystem. The mixed arrangement of coniferous and broad-leaved forests is particularly characteristic. There are diverse forests such as red pine forests, red pine-konara oak forests, and beech forests. Each forest is home to unique living creatures. For example, the Japanese squirrel inhabits the red pine-konara oak forest. A rich ecosystem is being nurtured. The leaves of the forest also play a role in capturing microplastics drifting in the air, protecting our health. As the importance of forest management further increases, appropriate thinning and undergrowth clearing to cultivate healthy forests will contribute to both biodiversity conservation and microplastic countermeasures. Bioremediation through Forests Another important aspect suggested by this research is the possibility of bioremediation using forests, that is, environmental purification using living organisms. Since forests in and around urban areas, as well as street trees and park trees, can function as natural purification systems for air pollutants, it is required to actively incorporate these natural purification systems into environmental protection policies and urban planning. While this discovery has clarified the specific mechanism by which forests capture airborne microplastics, further research is needed. For example, comparing the capture efficiency of different tree species and under various environmental conditions, investigating the impact of captured microplastics on forest ecosystems, and developing safe methods for treating captured microplastics are mentioned. In addition to forests, the development of new microplastic capture systems such as urban green spaces and rooftop greening is also considered an important research field. This research, which revealed the ability of forests to capture airborne microplastics, has very important implications from the perspective of environmental conservation and public health. It can be said that a new strategy for realizing a healthier and more sustainable environment through forest conservation and proper management has been shown. With further research and technological advancements, we can expect to deepen our coexistence with nature and find more effective solutions to global environmental problems. Arne Naess stated, "Through deep ecological understanding, we can build a harmonious relationship with nature." This research teaches us once again the importance of understanding the wondrous power of nature and harnessing it for the welfare of humanity. Each of us thinking about what we can do for nature conservation and taking action will be the first step toward a better future. References and Sources The results of this study were published in the journal "Environmental Chemistry Letters." The title of the paper is "Alkaline extraction yields a higher number of microplastics in forest canopy leaves: implication for microplastic storage." This research was conducted by a research group consisting of Professor Akane Miyazaki of the Graduate School of Science at Japan Women's University, Natsuki Sunaga, a master's student in the Graduate School of Science at the same university, Professor Hiroshi Okouchi of the Faculty of Science and Engineering at Waseda University, and Yasuhiro Niida of PerkinElmer Japan Co., Ltd. Paper publication URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-024-01725-3

Calendula (Pot Marigold): Belonging to the genus Calendula of the Asteraceae family, it is native to the Mediterranean coast. The Pot Marigold, with its radiant orange and yellow petals, typically blooms in spring but continues to flower over a long period from December to May, adding color to winter gardens and making it a popular plant. Its scientific name is Calendula officinalis, and it is also known by its English and trade name, Pot Marigold. Calendula is used as an herb for edible flowers and aromatherapy oils, and while many ornamental garden varieties exist, it is recommended to choose those specifically cultivated for herbal use. The name Calendula was associated with the lunar cycles in classical Roman times, deriving from the Latin Kalendae, meaning the first day of the month. This signifies Calendula as a natural calendar, believed to hold astronomical connections and magical powers. Notably, Calendula was linked to Janus, the god symbolizing the beginning and end of the year and change, correlating with its characteristic of blooming at sunrise and closing at sunset. The yellow and orange varieties are especially recognized as medicinal plants. Calendula thrives in sunny locations with well-draining, poor soil and is also known as the "bride of the sun." Its vibrant flowers emit a scent that attracts hoverflies and butterflies. Calendula's benefits include repairing skin and mucosal damage, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties, earning it the title of a "universal herb." Additionally, it is known for its calming effects on emotions and traditional uses for irregular menstruation. The flower blooms with the sun, earning it the titles of "bride of the sun" and "flower with strong protective energy from the sun's energy." Spiritual beliefs include hanging a garland of Calendula at the entrance to ward off bad energy. However, the language of flowers for the Pot Marigold includes negative meanings such as "pessimism," "despair," "disappointment," and "sorrow of parting." This is said to be related to the myth of a nymph who fell in love with the sun god Apollo and the medieval belief that yellow flowers were ominous. Contrary to these sad images, Calendula symbolizes the energy of the sun and is revered in many cultures and traditions for its positive power. The plant symbolizes the passage of time, change, and rejuvenation through its name and characteristics, influencing various cultures and traditions over the years. Marigold continues to add color and meaning to people's lives, from the past to the present. In Japan, it grows well even in winter and is commonly used for Buddhist floral offerings, possibly influenced by this imagery.

From above, they momentarily resemble anemones, but these are indeed tulips. Known even to young children, they're incredibly popular flowers. After all, there's a song about them. Yes, the one that starts with "Bloomed, bloomed, the tulips have bloomed." So, about the well-known tulip. Do you know its Japanese name? Tulips are called "ukonkou" in Japanese, written as 鬱金香. Wait, does it include the character for depression? You might wonder if that's okay. Yes, it's perfectly fine! Smelling them won't make you feel melancholic. The name "Ukonkou" comes from the turmeric-like fragrance of tulips. Turmeric, which is also good for hangovers, is written as "鬱金" in kanji. Although the kanji might not seem very positive, its original meaning is said to be "vivid yellow." Indeed, the yellow of turmeric is quite beautiful. Tulips have a long history in Japan, dating back to the Edo period. Originally from Central Asia, tulips were introduced to the Netherlands in the 16th century. There, tulip bulb trading swept through the economy, causing the world's first economic bubble known as "Tulip Mania." Subsequently, tulips spread throughout Europe and then to countries around the globe. This truly is what you call Tulip Mania. Tulips were introduced to Japan around the mid-Edo period. Though there are various theories, it is said to have been between the late 17th and early 18th centuries. At the time, the Netherlands was the only Western country officially trading with Japan, which was in a state of national seclusion. Thus, through Dutch ships, tulips and many other plants were brought to Japan via Dejima in Nagasaki. Here's a fun fact! The difference between seeds and bulbs! A common question from customers is, what's the difference between seeds and bulbs? Simply put,Seeds evolved to seek good conditions for sprouting roots and buds. Bulbs are roots that have swollen to allow the plant to grow even in harsh environments. Depending on the seed or bulb, some propagate through birds as intermediaries or use animals like burdock seeds, while bulbs become heavy enough not to be easily moved, often containing toxins to protect themselves from predators. Many seeds also contain toxins, but some plants have evolved to prioritize taste, which can be fascinating to research. Why not take a moment to smell the tulips in your garden? Contrary to the turmeric-like scent, there are increasingly more tulips with a pleasant, flower-like fragrance, so enjoy! この記事を読んだ人におすすめです＾＾ 日本人が好む花(第２位)チューリップ 海外ではお菓子にも使われる！かわいいチューリップ 花束の本数にも意味がある？カラフルカラーの「チューリップ」 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 面白い植物の事から庭木の事など色々 随時Facebookにて更新中です🌸 インスタグラムは日々の仕事や山暮らしの事などUPしてます^^ 今日も三重県のお庭に🌺 三重県剪定伐採お庭のお手入れ専門店 剪定屋空 植物アレコレFacebook 剪定屋空instagram

In the news on March 1, 2024, a new plant with a quite peculiar form named "Mujina no Shokudai" made its appearance. A group led by Professor Kenji Suetsugu from the Graduate School of Science at Kobe University discovered a plant belonging to the Thismia family in the Osumi Peninsula's Kimotsuki Mountains in Kagoshima Prefecture. They established a new genus called Relictithismia and described a new species within it, Relictithismia kimotsukiensis. A group led by Professor Kenji Suetsugu from the Graduate School of Science at Kobe University discovered a plant belonging to the Thismia family in the Osumi Peninsula's Kimotsuki Mountains in Kagoshima Prefecture. They established a new genus called Relictithismia and described a new species within it, Relictithismia kimotsukiensis. The discovery of a new genus and species of plant within Japan is a remarkable event that hasn't occurred in nearly a century, garnering significant attention in the botanical research community. Mujina no Shokudai, when viewed from above, exhibits a mysterious appearance reminiscent of a starfish extending its tentacles or a mushroom-like fungus. It produces glossy flowers that resemble glasswork. This plant does not perform photosynthesis; instead, it lives by stealing nutrients from fungi in the soil (!) and remains mostly buried underground, only revealing itself above ground during flowering. (Unfortunately, we couldn't capture the real thing this time, so we tried to express it through an illustration... Does it convey the image? Please do an online search to see its actual appearance!) Incidentally, "Mujina" refers to tanuki (raccoon dogs) or badgers, sharing the same nuance as the Thismia family name, which translates to "raccoon dog's candlestick." In Japan, six species of the Thismia family, including the "Kobe Tanuki no Shokudai," also known as the "fairy's lamp," are native, but all of them are endangered. The discovery of a new species among such highly rare species is astonishing. Alas, there might be plants that have disappeared unnoticed due to development. Moreover, there could still be numerous unknown plants living in the world, couldn't there? Reference: NHK News: 2024.03.01 https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20240301/k10014375181000.html

The Japan Tree Climbing® Championship 2024 will be held from April 19 to 21, 2024, at Miyagawa-Tokai Park in Tokai, Mie Prefecture. Technicians and craftsmen certified as Arborists® will compete in this event. This championship is the Japanese qualifier for the International Tree Climbing® Championship (ITCC), organized by the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA), which has chapters in more than 70 countries. The ITCC is a Japanese qualifier for the International Tree Climbing® Championship (ITCC) organized by the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA), which has chapters in more than 70 countries. The purpose of the ITCC is to promote interactions among professionals, improve the skills of the industry as a whole, and spread understanding and respect for the natural environment through competition in tree safety and work skills. Mr. Toyoda of Toyota Landscaping & Engineering Co., Ltd. will be representing Mie Prefecture at the event. The competition will cover several categories. In the Ascent Event and Speed Climb, competitors compete to be the fastest. Work Climb, Aerial Rescue, and Throwline require not only technical skills but also the ability to respond to emergencies and other difficult techniques. We have also taken courses such as A®TI BASIC TREE CLIMBER, A®TI TK-1 Basic Knowledge of Tree Ecology, A®TI BAT-1 Basic DRT Climbing Techniques and Tree Work, A®TI BAT-2 Basic Light Rigging Techniques, and others. I have learned not only safe tree climbing techniques but also tree ecology, which has been a very valuable experience for me. I think this is a great opportunity for not only the participants but also the visitors to become familiar with nature and tree climbing®, so if you are interested, please don't miss this opportunity. Name: Japan Tree Climbing® Championship 2024 Date: Friday, April 19 through Sunday, April 21, 2024 Location: Miyagawa-Tokai Park, Tokai Town, Mie Prefecture, Japan Organizer: JAA (Japan Arborist® Association) Supported by: ISA (International Society of Arboriculture), A®TI (Arborist® Training Institute) Supported by: Mie Prefecture / Tokai Town / Mie Branch of Japan Arborist Association / Mie Prefecture Arborist Association / Cosmo Eco Power Co. Schedule: April 19 April 19: Ascent Event / Speed Climb April 20: Work Climb / Aerial Rescue / Throwline April 21: Finals Masters Challenge

In recent years, advances in AI technologies have attracted a lot of attention, especially models such as GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer). These technologies are particularly useful in the areas of SEO (search engine optimization) and digital marketing. This article will delve into how to build custom GPTs and utilize them in your SEO and marketing strategies. What is GPT? GPT is a model used in natural language processing (NLP) for applications as diverse as text generation, question answering, and summarization. The evolution of this technology is revolutionizing applications as diverse as content creation and user interaction. Building Custom GPTs Custom GPTs are models tailored to specific needs and purposes. For example, they can generate content specific to a particular industry or theme, or provide specialized responses to user queries. These custom GPTs can be an important tool to enhance a company's brand image and marketing strategy. Application to SEO In SEO, the generation of high-quality, keyword-optimized content is critical. Custom GPTs can increase visibility in search engines by generating content tailored to these requirements. They can also understand user search intent and provide content that addresses it. Integration into Marketing Strategies In digital marketing, custom GPTs can be used to create personalized email campaigns, effective communication on social networking sites, and advertising content tailored to target audiences. This is expected to increase user engagement and strengthen brand loyalty. Creating a custom GPT for SEO and marketing can be a powerful tool for evaluating a website's EEAT (Experience, Expertise, Authority, and Trustworthiness) EEAT is a factor Google looks for when evaluating content quality. Custom GPTs can be used to enhance these factors in the following ways Improved Experience: Custom GPTs can provide real-time, informative responses to user questions and comments. This increases user engagement and improves the website experience. Exhibit Expertise: GPTs can demonstrate their expertise in a particular field by providing detailed and accurate information about that field. For example, providing accurate information in areas such as medical, legal, or financial will enhance the credibility of the site. Build Authority: Custom GPTs can enhance the authority of your site by generating content based on industry trends and the latest research. This increases the likelihood of citations and mentions by other experts and media. Ensure Credibility: GPT can enhance the credibility of a site by ensuring the accuracy of information and eliminating misinformation and bias. This helps users perceive the site as a reliable source of information. I have actually created a custom GPT to take the above into consideration. It is a web quality analyst that evaluates the EEAT (Experience, Expertise, Authority, and Trustworthiness) of a web site. https://chat.openai.com/g/g-HuWwu4jZB-seo-tomaketeingunotamenokasutamu-gpt https://www.senteiyasora.com In recognition of the authoritative nature of and entered. Here is the answer In order to evaluate the authority and credibility of senteiyasora.com, several important factors were taken into account. based on Google's search quality rating guidelines, a website's rating depends primarily on the following factors. The following three factors are important: quality of key content, reputation of the website and content creator, and E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authority, and Trustworthiness). It is also important to understand the purpose of the web page. In addition, pages related to the "Your Money or Your Life" (YMYL) topic are subject to particularly high quality standards because of their potential to have a significant impact on people's health, financial stability, safety, or social well-being. According to ScamAdviser.com, senteiyasora.com has a high trust rating and is considered secure. The site uses an SSL certificate and the domain name was registered over a year ago. The domain is 9 years old and the WHOIS data is hidden, but the website speed is reported to be very fast The domain name is 9 years old and the WHOIS data is hidden. :The website speed is described as very fast, but when measured with other tools, the site comes out as not user-friendly and quite heavy. Based on this information, we can assess that senteiyasora.com is a trustworthy website, its main content is useful, and the site itself ensures secure communication. However, additional information is needed to determine whether the site addresses specific YMYL topics and the accuracy of its content. What is a: specific YMYL topic? and question Your Money or Your Life" (YMYL) topics are a group of topics specifically mentioned in Google's search quality rating guidelines. These topics are subject to particularly high quality standards because they can have a significant impact on people's health, financial stability, safety, or the overall welfare of society. Health and safety information Financial advice or investment information Legal or government-related information Other information that may have a significant impact on personal well-being or the welfare of society The accuracy, reliability, and professionalism of the content of pages related to these topics are of particular importance. senteiyasora.com is a Japanese landscaping company that primarily provides services such as garden pruning, tree trimming, garden maintenance, forest conservation, and bamboo forest maintenance. The content of this website does not appear to fall directly under the "Your Money or Your Life" (YMYL) topic; YMYL topics include information that could have a significant impact on people's health, financial stability, safety, or the overall welfare of society . The services provided by senteiyasora.com are primarily related to garden care and forest management, which are generally not considered YMYL Topics. However, if a site provides information related to forest conservation or ecosystem maintenance, this is an important topic related to environmental protection and sustainable living and may be indirectly related to YMYL. Additional steps that senteiyasora.com should take to increase its credibility and authority include the following Expert opinions and recommendations: Including recommendations and opinions from experts, such as foresters, ecologists, and environmental scientists, on your site can add credibility. Detailed case studies: Site content can be made more authoritative by detailing real-world projects and construction examples that demonstrate their environmental impact and contribution to sustainability. Educational content: Educational articles and videos on best practices in yard care and forest management can be provided to increase the usefulness and value of the site. These steps will allow senteiyasora.com to further enhance its professionalism and usefulness and provide valuable information to its users. What else would you like to see added to senteiyasora.com? Please let us know if you have any ideas. We suggest the following ideas as elements that would be good to add to the senteiyasora.com website Customer testimonials and case studies: Featuring success stories and customer testimonials can provide concrete evidence of the effectiveness and satisfaction of your services. Blogs and newsletters: Through regular blogs and newsletters, you can provide information on the latest industry trends, environmental protection information, garden maintenance tips, etc. Before-and-after pictures: Include before and after photos of your services to visually demonstrate the quality of the work and the changes you have made. Video content: Providing videos showing the pruning and logging process can increase transparency of services and build trust with prospective clients. Environmental initiatives: You can highlight your corporate social responsibility by showcasing your commitment to sustainable forest management and ecosystem protection. By adding these elements, your website will be more informative and provide a valuable experience for your visitors. With a little bit of mastery and use of custom GPTs, you can expect to improve your website's EEAT, improve search engine rankings, gain traffic and engagement, and ensure user trust and loyalty.

PlantWave is a device that converts the minute electrical signals of plants into sound, which can then be listened to. The technology used in this device is the same as that used in polygraph devices developed to measure human skin electrical response (GSR). What is a polygraph device? A polygraph device is commonly known as a lie detector. This device measures a person's physical reactions (heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductivity, etc.). When a person lies, these body reactions can spontaneously change, and these changes can be recorded and analyzed. Skin Electrical Response (GSR) GSR, also called "cutaneous galvanic response," is a method of measuring the electrical conductivity of the skin. When humans sweat due to emotions or reactions, the electrical conductivity of the skin changes. GSR is used to capture this. PlantWave Principle Using sensors to transmit signals PlantWave has two sensors. These are attached to the plant and measure how much moisture the plant contains. Sensing photosynthesis When plants photosynthesize, the water in them moves; PlantWave senses this minute movement of water and displays it on a graph. From graph to sound As the graph changes over time, it takes the form of waves, which PlantWave analyzes and converts into sound. Playing Plants When this waveform is converted into music, it is as if the plant is playing an instrument, and the PlantWave app provides special instruments that plants can play. Generating Music When everything is smoothly connected, you will hear music from the plants. If the plants are inactive, little or no music can be heard, or the sound can be monotonous. Below is a video of the plants we experimented with. Camellia japonica（Camellia sasanqua) PlantWave allows us to translate plant responses into a human-perceivable form, allowing us to enjoy the music of plants as it changes with temperature, light, and moisture levels. A noticeable change in the pattern of music produced by plants from morning to evening was observed, and the difference in sound before and after pruning was also an interesting finding. Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) Do Plants Have Intelligence? Carl Edward Sagan was an American astronomer, naturalist, and science communicator best known for his work on the solar system and the search for extraterrestrial life. His classic work, "Cosmos," was a best-selling science book, explaining broad topics in science in a way that was accessible to a general audience. His work has sparked interest in science and influenced many people. Similarly, PlantWave promotes dialogue with plants and serves to increase awareness of the natural environment. A 1997 Nature article by Suzanne Simard focused on communication between trees and their fungal networks. This system, which she named the "woodwide web," found that trees connect with each other and share nutrients through underground fungal networks. The interaction between mycorrhizal fungi and trees is critical to the growth and health of trees in the forest. Simard's research has shown that trees in forests have not only competitive relationships, but also cooperative interactions. For example, young trees in less sunny areas may receive carbon and other nutrients via fungal networks from mature trees in more sunny areas. Smilax china Information sharing in the plant kingdom indicates that plants cooperate and coexist with each other, exchanging information throughout the ecosystem to build a sustainable environment. This system of information sharing is part of the amazing harmony and coordination in nature and is a source of learning for us all. As our understanding of the plant creature grows, so does our appreciation and wonder for all life around us. In this way, PlantWave has become a valuable tool for deepening our understanding of nature by sensing minute changes in plants and communicating them to humans, creating a new connection between plants and humans. We hope that PlantWave will help landscape architects deepen their awe of the beauty and vitality of the natural world, and encourage them to consider the possibility that plants have intelligence as well. It was very interesting to try converting the music generated by PlantWave into a video using WZRDAI.

Fermentation beds are created by the action of microorganisms that break down poultry litter and leftover food in the poultry house to create an environment that reduces odors and supports the health of the chickens. Here are some key points for its creation and optimization. 1. Basic composition of a fermentation bed We mix bark, rice bran, oil cake, EM bacteria, charcoal, isotropic charcoal, rice husks, and feed zeolite, but Here are some other things that can improve the quality of fermentation beds. Leaf litter: promotes the activity of a wide variety of microorganisms. Bird and livestock manure: rich source of nitrogen that promotes microbial activity. Green manure: improves soil nutritional value. Coconut shells: improve moisture management and aeration Seaweed meal: Provides trace elements and minerals Wood vinegar: pH control and promotion of microbial activity Cleanliness and sanitation are very important in poultry house management. It must be managed to maintain the proper balance of microorganisms and to prevent the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. 3. How to make and maintain a fermentation bed The following is an explanation of the basic method of making and maintaining a fermentation bed. 1.**Materials**. - Order of inclusion 1. charcoal, 2. zeolite for feed, 3. humus, 4. charcoal, 5. oil cake, 6. fallen leaves, and other organic matter - Fermentation accelerator or EM (effective microorganism) solution (Appropriate amount if fermentation does not progress too much) Most of the mixture will be mixed by stirring, but if you want to establish anaerobic microorganisms in the lower layer of the floor, I found it effective to mix the surface layer and its middle layer when stirring. 2. **Prepare the floor**. - Flatten the floor of the poultry house and clean and sweep it. 3. **Spraying of fermentation accelerator or EM solution**. - Spray fermentation accelerator or EM solution evenly over the material. This will aid in the fermentation of organic matter and reduce odors. 4. **Mixing**. - After spraying, mix the material well. This will allow the microorganisms to spread evenly. (Mixing too much of the bottom layer will kill anaerobic microorganisms.) 5. **Maintain** - Each day, stir the surface of the floor with a weed to mix the organic matter and chicken manure well. - If the bed has dried out, add a little water to maintain humidity. However, avoid excessive humidity. - Add rice bran or rice husks about once per cycle (depending on the fermentation situation) and remove the old ones to maintain the quality of the bed. 6. **Periodic check**. - Check for odor and humidity and make adjustments as needed. 7. **Harvest**. - After several months, a fully fermented compost will form in the lower part of the floor. This can be used as fertilizer.　(Too much chicken manure may cause the soil to become too strongly alkaline.) Note: The best method may vary depending on the type and amount of microorganisms used and the type of bedding material, so adjust to your specific situation. To take full advantage of the characteristics of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, soil hierarchy and environmental conditions must be considered. Below is a description of the soil layer hierarchy and characteristics to make the best use of both. Role. - Decomposition of organic matter to produce gases (methane, carbon dioxide, etc.) - Produce energy in the absence of oxygen - Some are pathogenic Specific reasons why anaerobic microorganisms should be present in the lower layers of the fermentation beds in poultry houses from a balance perspective are as follows. 1. **Complete decomposition of organic matter**:. - The process of decomposition of organic matter gradually shifts from aerobic microorganisms in the initial stages to anaerobic microorganism activity. This increases the likelihood of more complete decomposition of organic matter. 2. **Odor Control**:. - Anaerobic microorganisms are responsible for odor control by breaking down some toxic substances and ammonia. However, some anaerobic reactions (e.g., hydrogen sulfide production) can cause odors and must be properly balanced. 3.**Methane production**:. - Under anaerobic conditions, methane gas can be produced by the activity of microorganisms called methanogens. Methane is a known greenhouse gas, but may also be used as energy. 4. **Pathogen Control**:. - Some anaerobic microorganisms are able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This may reduce the risk of pathogens in poultry houses. 5.**Changes in the redox environment of the soil**:. - Proper coexistence of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms dynamically changes the redox environment of the soil. This can facilitate a variety of chemical reactions and mineral transformations, potentially improving soil structure and nutrient status. However, there is also a risk that excessive formation of an anaerobic environment will reduce soil aeration, resulting in poor air quality in the poultry house. Therefore, maintaining the proper balance between aerobic and anaerobic conditions is key to maintaining a healthy environment in the fermentation bed. These microorganisms play a wide variety of roles in nature and in the human body. Consider the impact of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms as they relate to poultry house and chicken health. 1. **Bacillus**:. - Some Bacillus species are used as probiotics, which aid in chicken digestion and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. 2.**Pseudomonas**: Some species of Pseudomonas can be pathogenic. - Some species may be pathogenic, but are usually less of a problem in the digestive system of healthy chickens. 3.**Azotobacter**: Direct effects on chickens have rarely been reported. - Few direct effects on chickens have been reported. 4.**Mycobacterium**: Some species can cause disease in chickens. - Some species can cause disease in chickens, but the risk is considered low under normal conditions in poultry houses. 5.**Clostridium (Clostridium genus)**:. - Some species of this genus are pathogenic and can be harmful to the health of chickens. As an example, Clostridium perfringens can cause necrotizing enterocolitis. 6.**Methanobacterium**:. - No direct effects on chickens have been reported. 7.**Bacteroides**: Not reported to have any direct effects on chickens. - Present as part of the normal flora in the gut and usually do not cause problems in chickens. 8.**Desulfovibrio**: No direct effects on chickens have been reported. - No direct effects on chickens have been specifically reported. Maintaining proper cleanliness and sanitation is very important in the management of poultry houses. Control is required to maintain the proper balance of microorganisms and to prevent excessive growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Importance of charcoal Activated charcoal, bamboo charcoal, and charcoal, in particular, have the ability to adsorb toxic substances and odor components due to their porosity. The main advantages and considerations of placing charcoal on the bottom layer of the fermentation bed in a poultry house are listed below. Advantages 1. odor adsorption Charcoal adsorbs odor components and reduces odors in poultry houses. 2. 2. humidity control Charcoal has the ability to absorb excess moisture and helps maintain proper humidity. 3. adsorption of toxic substances Charcoal adsorbs ammonia and other toxic gases and can be expected to improve the air quality in poultry houses. 4. support of microbial activity The surface of charcoal is home to many microorganisms that help break down organic matter and support soil health. Considerations 1. frequency of replacement - Charcoal has limited adsorption capacity and should be replaced periodically to maintain its effectiveness. 2. proper amount of placement - Excessive placement of charcoal can reduce soil aeration and drainage. It is important to place the proper amount. 3. cost - Using large amounts of charcoal may increase costs. Overall, placing charcoal on the bottom layer of the fermentation bed in a poultry house can be effective, especially in odor management and humidity control. However, it requires proper management and regular replacement. The principle of fermentation in a fermentation bed is based on microbial activity. Below are the details. Principle of fermentation beds 1. supply of organic matter Fermentation beds contain a variety of organic matter. These organic materials are a source of nutrients for microorganisms. 2. 2. microbial activity Once organic matter is supplied, microorganisms (especially bacteria and fungi) in the soil begin to break it down. Aerobic microorganisms require oxygen to decompose organic matter, while anaerobic microorganisms work in the absence of oxygen. 3. generation of energy Microorganisms obtain energy by decomposing organic matter. Carbon dioxide, water, and other substances are produced in this process. Some organic matter may be released as methane gas due to the activity of anaerobic microorganisms. 4. heat production The process of decomposing organic matter is also known as an exothermic reaction. Thus, the fermentation bed can become warm, which helps keep the chickens warm, especially during the cooler months. 5. odor reduction A fermentation bed with the right balance of microorganisms and proper humidity and temperature will reduce odor by inhibiting the formation of harmful gases such as ammonia. 6. compost production Over time, fully decomposed organic matter accumulates in the lower part of the fermentation bed, which can be used as high-quality compost. Effective operation of a fermentation bed requires proper humidity, temperature, and microbial balance. By maintaining these conditions optimally, fermentation beds help maintain a healthy environment in the poultry house. The optimal balance of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms may vary depending on soil depth and application, but when considered as a fermentation bed for a poultry house, the following balance can be considered Soil volume and balance It's more like a sand bath or a dirt bath It is sometimes difficult to put a large amount of soil in a chicken coop, and we would like to keep the amount of soil as low as possible, but it is better to have a depth of at least 40 cm (actually, we would like about 60 cm). Below are some examples of soil layers within 40 cm. 1. **Surface layer (0 - 10 cm)**:. - This is where **aerobic microorganisms** are primarily active because of the abundance of oxygen. This layer is responsible for the rapid decomposition of organic matter and the prevention of the formation of toxic gases such as ammonia. Aeration of the surface layer should be maintained. 2. **Middle layer (10 - 30 cm)**:. - This layer is an area where aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms coexist. This is the point where the activity of **anaerobic microorganisms** increases because the oxygen supply is somewhat reduced. Here, decomposition of organic matter continues and some anaerobic reactions also begin. 3.**Deep layer (30 - 40 cm)**:. - The **anaerobic microorganisms** are primarily active in the deeper layers of the soil, where the supply of oxygen is very low. This is where methane gas production and other anaerobic reactions take place. In terms of balance, it is important to create an environment in which both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms can operate effectively. The specific proportions take the form of enhanced aerobic activity in the surface layers and increased anaerobic activity toward the deeper layers. This balance can be achieved by properly adjusting soil aeration, drainage, and organic matter supply. Differences in microbial activity with soil depth depend on factors such as oxygen supply, moisture, and the presence of nutrients. These factors greatly affect the aerobic-anaerobic balance of the soil. 1. **Oxygen supply**:. - **Surface**: The surface of the soil is in direct contact with air and is therefore rich in oxygen. This allows aerobic microorganisms to be active. Aerobic microorganisms use oxygen to break down organic matter to produce carbon dioxide and water (aerobic respiration). - **Middle & Lower Layer**: Oxygen supply decreases as one moves deeper into the soil. As oxygen decreases, anaerobic microorganisms increase. Anaerobic microorganisms use other compounds as electron acceptors in place of oxygen to break down organic matter and obtain energy. Gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide may be produced in this process (anaerobic respiration). 2.**Moisture supply**:. - Excessive moisture can block soil pores and prevent the supply of oxygen. This can change the environment from aerobic to anaerobic. 3.**Amount and type of organic matter in the soil**:. - Where organic matter is abundant, microbial activity is enhanced. On the other hand, depending on the type and chemistry of the organic matter, certain microbial groups may become dominant. Adaptation and competition are constantly recurring in the soil. Within the soil, aerobic and anaerobic environments change dynamically in response to environmental conditions and external influences (e.g., rain, pesticide application, soil excavation, etc.). A temporary lack of oxygen, increased moisture, or fluctuations in the supply of organic matter can change an aerobic environment into an anaerobic environment or vice versa. During these dynamic changes, aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms attempt to continue their activities optimized for their respective environments. This process of "adaptation and competition" can be captured in the image of "competing for land. However, this "competition" is short-term, and over time a new equilibrium state is formed. The soil environment is in balance with diverse microorganisms coexisting and influencing each other. The specific proportions of soil layers vary depending on the soil type, region, climatic conditions, and intended use of the soil. In addition, it is difficult to give general reference values for "surface," "middle," and "subsoil" as terms, since there is no standard definition of specific depths and properties. However, considering a soil depth of 40 cm as a standard:. - **Surface layer (0 - 10 cm)**: 25 - **Middle layer (10 - 30 cm)**: 50% - **Deep layer (30 - 40cm)**: 25 These are specific percentages. This classification is for reference only. Depending on actual soil conditions and objectives, the thickness and characteristics of these layers may vary. The balance between aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms in a fermentation bed is critical to maintaining a healthy environment in the poultry house. Aerobic microorganisms are active in the surface layers of the soil, contributing to the decomposition of organic matter and odor control. Anaerobic microorganisms, on the other hand, also play an important role, especially in the deeper layers of soil, contributing to the complete decomposition of organic matter and the control of certain pathogens. However, this balance is dynamic and varies with conditions such as soil oxygen, moisture, and nutrient availability. Maintaining the proper microbial balance requires soil management and monitoring. This will ensure optimal air quality, soil health, and chicken health in the poultry house and sustainable chicken production. At any rate, we are happy as long as our Ukos are growing well.

Trees in the garden provide beauty and healing. However, sometimes trees need to be pruned or cut down. This is an essential task for the healthy growth of trees, as well as for the safety of their surroundings. On the other hand, there is a saying that cutting down a tree in the garden "brings bad luck. This is said to be because trees are the link between the natural world and the human world, and when they are cut, that link is severed. However, taking care of trees begins with our everyday attitude, not just by hesitating to cut them down. First, it is important to be aware of and familiar with the fact that trees are living beings, just like humans. We need to understand how trees go through their growth process and what role they play in our lives, and we need to take care of them. Proper care is also essential to the growth of trees. Pruning and felling are necessary for the healthy growth of trees, so it is important to understand how and when to perform these tasks correctly. Furthermore, when pruning or trimming, care must be taken to ensure the safety of the surrounding area and to dispose of the cut wood. Another way to renew a tree is to let it sprout again from the stump after it has been cut down. Sprouting is the process by which a plant produces new shoots from its roots or stump. This occurs primarily when a tree is damaged or cut down. The sprouting mechanism is part of the plant's survival strategy and is an important way for trees in particular to enhance their ability to regenerate. Although they are fewer and farther between nowadays, in the past, there were many areas in Japan called satoyama, where people and nature coexisted in harmony. In satoyama, trees and forests were managed using a method called natural regeneration. Natural regeneration is a process in which forests repair and regenerate themselves using the power of nature. After logging, naturally growing plants were selectively cultivated to maintain the health of the forest and support a diverse flora and ecosystem. An attitude of caring for trees is needed not only in gardens, but also in forests, parks, street trees, and everywhere else. To understand the benefits that trees provide to people and to protect them, it is important to have an awareness of the importance of taking care of trees on a regular basis and to care for them appropriately. Finally, if it becomes necessary to cut down a tree in your yard, it is recommended that you seek professional help. By hiring an expert with the proper skills and knowledge, you can ensure that the trees will grow healthy and the surrounding area will be safe and secure. この記事を読んだ人におすすめ 民法233条 何が変わる！？樹木の越境ルール２０２３年４月から竹木の枝の切除及び根の切取りについて 庭木や樹木の越境トラブル問題・対処方法について　弁護士に聞いてみました 今日も三重県のお庭へ　剪定屋空 https://www.senteiyasora.com

The care of a Japanese garden is very important to maintain its beauty. Although it may not be possible to take care of every detail, such as annual maintenance, it is important to take care of the garden on a regular basis, However, even a little bit of weeding on a daily basis will help maintain the beauty of the garden for a long period of time. The basic maintenance is weeding and leaf cleanup, and regular removal of fallen leaves, dead branches, weeds, and other debris will keep the yard clean. If tree pruning is an annual maintenance, the construction approach will vary depending on which trees are pruned at the right time of year. This garden has satsuki azaleas, etc., and normally the best time to trim them is after they have flowered, but if you want to combine tree pruning with weeding, it is possible to do the maintenance at this time of year as well. Moss, an essential element of a Japanese garden, is one of the elements that accentuates the beauty of a Japanese garden, but it is prone to disease due to excessive humidity and lack of sunlight, so proper care is necessary. Stones are one of the main elements of a Japanese garden. Occasional adjustments to the placement and angles of the stones will help maintain the atmosphere of the garden. It is also important to clean the stones and remove moss and dirt. Keeping the soil in good condition keeps plants healthy. In addition, in areas where gravel or white sand is used, regular grading of the gravel will help maintain a beautiful pattern. Japanese gardens are meant to be enjoyed during the changing seasons. The beauty of each season can be brought out by seasonal care, plant selection, and placement. Since the care of a Japanese garden varies depending on the size, elements, and season of the garden, there is no general or fixed time of year for this, and it is best to follow the general pruning season. In this case, the key point was to trim satsuki heart making, which the client's grandchildren enjoyed.

What is sustainable bamboo forest management? We recently visited a bamboo grove in conjunction with a site survey to make a proposal for bamboo grove management. Bamboo forests have long taken root in people's lives as part of the Japanese landscape and as a resource with a wide variety of uses and values. However, due to changes in lifestyles and economic conditions in recent years, it has become increasingly difficult to properly manage bamboo forests. In light of this background, sustainable bamboo forest management refers to maintaining and utilizing bamboo forests in a healthy manner while balancing the three aspects of the environment, economy, and society. The main points are listed below: Environmental Aspects: Maintain healthy bamboo forests by taking advantage of the rapid growth of bamboo and cutting at appropriate intervals. Utilize bamboo's ability to regenerate and promote its use as a sustainable resource. Economic Aspects: Explore various ways to use bamboo materials and create new markets and demand. To utilize bamboo as a local resource and revitalize the local economy. Social Aspects: Understand the cultural value and historical background of bamboo forests, and build cooperative relationships with local residents and other interested parties. Spread awareness of the importance and use of bamboo forests through education and awareness-raising activities. In order to realize sustainable bamboo forest management, these aspects must be comprehensively considered and efforts must be made according to local characteristics and needs. Efforts must be made to maximize the potential of bamboo forests and leave a rich environment for future generations. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

We visited a large biotope in Mie Prefecture to cut undergrowth. We had an opportunity to think about the preservation of biodiversity. A biotope is an artificially created natural environment, and the larger the scale of the biotope, the more organisms can inhabit it. Mowing the undergrowth along the work paths and between the paths is an important part of biotope maintenance and management. This helps to maintain an environment in which organisms in the biotope can live comfortably. However, when doing this work, consideration must be given to the organisms that inhabit the biotope. In particular, frogs are plentiful at this time of year. Frogs are an important part of the biotope and play an important role in maintaining its ecological health. Therefore, we need to be careful not to harm the frogs during our work. Biodiversity and Invasive Alien Species Invasive alien species" have been identified as a major factor in the loss of biodiversity. Invasive alien species are non-native species that are intentionally or unintentionally introduced into an ecosystem outside their natural range and have a negative impact on the ecosystem and biodiversity of the area. Invasive alien species are considered a major cause of biodiversity loss because they disrupt the balance of ecosystems and lead to the decline or extinction of native species. This is especially true when they have no natural enemies in their new environment and reproduce and spread rapidly. In Japan, the Invasive Alien Species Act has been enacted to prevent the introduction and spread of invasive alien species and protect biodiversity. The Law defines "invasive alien species" as alien species that may cause damage to the environment, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, or human health. The Law also establishes a list of "Specified Invasive Alien Species," which are considered to pose a particularly high risk to the environment and are subject to more stringent regulations. What we can do in our daily lives is to understand how our actions affect biodiversity and act accordingly. For example, not releasing pets or garden plants into the natural environment, not purchasing products that contain non-native species, and other daily choices will help conserve biodiversity. We will continue to disseminate information so that each of us can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. We encourage everyone to try to live in harmony with nature.

The other day, we visited a forest cooperative in Kokisu-cho, Suzuka City. They are looking for ways to improve and utilize their forests, and we visited them to discuss the construction of a project to revitalize their forests, including proposals. We visited them for a meeting to discuss the construction of a project to revitalize the forests, including proposals. When considering the conservation and utilization of forests, it is very important first of all to create an environment in which local people understand the significance of being involved with forests and want to be actively involved. I also spoke about why forest maintenance is necessary in understanding forests. Why is forest maintenance necessary? Forest maintenance is essential for maintaining forest health and protecting the ecosystem. Unmaintained forests threaten forest health and diversity through dead trees and the introduction of inappropriate species. Forests also play an important role in our lives. For example, they conserve water sources, absorb carbon dioxide and supply oxygen, prevent soil erosion, and serve as recreational areas. To maintain these roles, healthy management and maintenance of forests is necessary. Why do we need sustainable care? Without sustained care, forest health will slowly decline. Forests are constantly changing, including tree growth, seed dispersal, and animal habitat patterns. Sustained care allows the forest to respond appropriately to these changes and ensure that the forest remains healthy. A healthy forest also contributes to our living environment and to climate change mitigation. What are the benefits of forest maintenance? Forests are an important resource for the community, and many benefits can be gained through their conservation and utilization. Well-maintained forests are more valuable as a tourism resource and help to revitalize the local economy. In addition, timber and plants obtained from forests can be sold as local products. Furthermore, the beautiful scenery and rich nature of forests can enhance the attractiveness of the region and attract new residents and businesses. The participants understood the basic structure of the forests mentioned above, and discussed what is important for the local people to be involved with the mountains for a long time to come. We also talked about consensus building, which is important before forest maintenance, and provided the following information. Community-wide sharing meeting: The first step is to hold a meeting to explain the project to the community. Together with the Kokisu Forest Association, we will have an opportunity to explain the current status of the forest, its future potential, and the importance of working there. This step can be held at a local school or public place to encourage wide participation. Forest Inventory: After the briefing, work with each property owner to identify the boundaries of the mountain and create a forest inventory. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, but it is the first step to ensuring that each property owner has an accurate understanding of his or her mountain. Forest Utilization Workshop: Next, a workshop is held where each property owner shares how they would like to utilize their mountain. At this stage, past successes and new possibilities are shared, such as the development of shikimi-forests and the sale of cedar and cypress timber. Start of actual work: After the workshop, specific work will begin. First, based on the shared ideas and suggestions, we will conduct the initial phase of work, such as shikimi-forest maintenance and forest cleanup. This phase will also provide an opportunity to invite forest experts to learn about appropriate methods and safety measures. Regular meetings: As the work progresses, regular meetings will be held to share progress and adjust the plan if necessary. Utilization of Local Resources (cont.): In addition to activities such as selling shikimi, cedar, and cypress lumber within the community, local restaurants and cafes could offer shikimi-based dishes. Forest-related events and workshops can also be held to attract tourists and people from outside the community, thereby stimulating the local economy. Provide educational programs: Consider offering forest education programs in collaboration with elementary and junior high schools. Students will have the opportunity to interact with nature and learn about the importance of forests. This can also serve as a way to inform family and friends about the importance of forests and raise the interest of the community as a whole. Regular Evaluation and Feedback: As the project progresses, it is important to regularly evaluate results, identify areas for reflection, and develop improvement strategies. This includes being open to feedback from project participants and community members, and being flexible in adjusting the direction in which the project progresses. LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT AND CONTINUITY: Finally, to make this project permanent, a long-term management structure must be established and passed on to the next generation. This can be accomplished through a combination of union leadership, community participation, and, where possible, local government support. Forests are an important resource not only for us, but also for future generations. Passing on healthy forests to the next generation is part of our responsibility to our children. Taking an interest in forest maintenance means creating a legacy for the future and contributing to a sustainable future for our planet. It is important to gradually advance the maintenance of even a single mountain through various ideas and interactions. It is important to position the mountain as a common property that many people are involved in, and to build a system that is suited to the land while respecting the opinions of various people.

The rules of Article 233 of the Civil Code will change in April 2023. We have been receiving an increasing number of consultations regarding tree crossing (cross-boundary damage) problems from people who have received notices from the prefecture or city regarding branches and trees that have crossed the boundary from neighboring properties. The following is a summary of the amendment to Article 233 of the Civil Code. Article 233 of the Civil Code before the amendment When a branch of a bamboo tree on the adjacent land crosses the boundary line, the owner of the bamboo tree may have the branch cut off. When the roots of a bamboo tree on an adjoining land cross the boundary line, the owner of the bamboo tree may have the roots cut off. In the present regulation, the owner of the tree can have the branch removed. However, there are many places where the owner of the forest land is unknown in the consultation of the cross-boundary trouble of the tree, or it is not easily agreed and left even if it asks to have the branch cut. The root is connected with the trunk and the branch of the tree, and if the root is cut without reason, the branch may die and the tree itself may weaken though the law says that the root can be cut when crossing the boundary line.　I wondered why roots are allowed to be cut in the first place, but I heard that it is a topic of discussion among lawyers when they study civil law. I have actually asked a lawyer about the issue of cross-boundary problems with garden trees and trees within the blog before. From our perspective as landscapers, the act of cutting the roots is actually quite dangerous. The upper part of a tree (branches and trunk) and the lower part (roots) are like blood vessels in a human body, and we feel that it is similar to carelessly cutting those blood vessels. Cutting the roots can cause the branches to suddenly wither and weaken, so it is undesirable to do so carelessly. However, when I asked my lawyer why it is possible to cut only the roots, he gave me the following answer. Question 1: If I cut a root that is crossing the boundary and the tree dies as a result of the cutting of that root, may I be sued for damages or other compensation? Answer: Normally, you would not be liable for damages, as this is allowed by law. Q2: When cutting the roots, should we discuss and draw up a written agreement just in case? Answer: You are not legally obligated to do so, but since it is on the adjoining land, you would be defending yourself if you did. Question 3: In the first place, why is it allowed to cut the roots under the Civil Code? Answer: As we used to talk about when I was taking exams, the branches of a tree are important (for its appearance). We would like to accurately convey this to the client and neighboring landowners so that they can carry out tree pruning, trimming, and felling without any trouble. Article 233 of the amended Civil Code, from around April 2023 (1) When a branch of a bamboo tree on the adjoining land crosses the boundary line, the owner of the land may have the owner of the bamboo tree cut the branch. (2) In the case of the preceding paragraph, if the bamboo tree belongs to the co-ownership of several persons, each co-owner may have the branches cut off. (2) In the case of paragraph 1, the owner of the land may have the branches cut off in the following cases (i) when the owner of the bamboo tree does not cut off the branch within a reasonable period of time in spite of a notice to the owner of the bamboo tree to cut off the branch (ii) When the owner of the bamboo tree cannot be known or his/her whereabouts cannot be ascertained. (iii) When there are urgent circumstances. When the roots of a bamboo tree on an adjoining lot cross the boundary line, the roots may be cut off. 1 and 4 are the same as the former law, but 2.3 is newly added. 2. In the case of the preceding paragraph, if a bamboo tree belongs to several co-owners, each co-owner may cut off its branches. The major change here is that under the old law, when there are multiple owners of a bamboo tree, all co-owners had to be confirmed, but under the new revision, it is possible to cut off the branches if even one of the co-owners consents. In fact, at a site we have dealt with, the person on the side where the tree crossed the boundary consulted with the person on the adjoining lot. At that time, there were no co-owners and we were able to obtain the consent of one person to construct the tree, but originally, we would have had to obtain the consent of the heirs or family members. Under the revised law, if one co-owner gives consent, the homeowner on the overland side can remove the branch. The revised law allows the homeowner on the overland side to remove a branch if one co-owner consents to the removal. In addition, Paragraph 3 stipulates that when a branch of neighboring land that is equivalent to Paragraph 1 crosses over the boundary, if any of the following three conditions are met The person on the side of the crossing can cut off the branch if any of the following three conditions are met. Paragraph 3 (i) In the case of paragraph (1), the owner of the land may cut off the branch if any of the following applies 　 (i) When the owner of the bamboo tree does not cut off the branch within a reasonable period of time in spite of a notice to the owner of the bamboo tree to cut off the branch. (ii) When the owner of the bamboo tree cannot be known or his whereabouts cannot be ascertained. (iii) When there are urgent circumstances. (i) When the owner of the bamboo tree does not remove the branch within a reasonable period of time despite having notified the owner of the bamboo tree to remove the branch. It is best to proceed smoothly in discussions with the neighbor, so I think it is important to have the bamboo tree owner understand the situation properly first, because forcing the situation to proceed just because the Civil Code has changed will cause trouble. (ii) When the owner of the bamboo tree cannot be known or his/her whereabouts cannot be ascertained. We have received some inquiries that the owner cannot be identified and the branches cannot be cut off. (iii) When there are urgent circumstances. When there are urgent circumstances, such as when a branch has broken or there is a fear of a falling tree, it will be possible to cut the branch.　However, if you proceed without permission, it will become a source of trouble, so it is advisable to follow the appropriate procedures and confirm the situation before cutting off the branch. It is advisable to cut off the branches after confirming the proper procedures. At Pruner Empty, we are often consulted by both the owner of the tree and the person whose branches are crossing the border, and we try to be present at both sides of the border in order to make appropriate proposals. We must not forget the tree's point of view: cutting branches may weaken and kill the tree itself, preservatives may need to be applied to the cut, and the timing of cutting off branches may also vary depending on the tree. Article 233 of the revised Civil Code is scheduled to go into effect in April 2023, and we are receiving a considerable increase in the number of consultations regarding branch cutting and tree trimming.　First of all, consulting with us in advance before an emergency situation arises will affect our work, so if you have any problems with overgrown trees, please feel free to contact us at Pruner Empty. We are Pruner Sky, a pruning and felling specialist in Komono-cho, Mie Prefecture. We provide tree trimming and felling services in Yokkaichi, Suzuka, Kuwana, Kameyama, Tsu and surrounding areas. Areas Served Mie Prefecture Yokkaichi City Suzuka City Inabe City Kuwana City Kameyama City Tsu City Komono-cho Tado-cho Toino-cho Asahi-cho (outside the coverage area of Tsu City) Services Pruning of garden trees, tree trimming, pruning of tall trees, special cutting, garden management for private residences, maintenance of gardens at shrines and temples, bamboo forest maintenance, forest maintenance, tree planting, weed prevention sheets, mowing of solar facilities, garden creation, lawn maintenance, gravel paving, garden management for vacant houses, green space management for condominiums, factories and other facilities If you have any problems with your garden or trees, please contact Sora Pruner. TEL 0120-284-163 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Closed on Sundays https://www.senteiyasora.com 2304-1 Sugitani, Komono-cho, Mie-gun, Mie-ken

Husqvarna is a Swedish company that manufactures outdoor power tools such as chainsaws, lawn mowers, and garden tractors. founded in 1689, it became one of the oldest companies in the world, initially manufacturing weapons such as musket guns, but later expanding into other The company expanded its business into other fields as well. Today, Husqvarna is best known for its high-quality, professional outdoor power tools, which are used by everyone from the average homeowner to professional landscapers and arborists. Husqvarna has a reputation for innovation and quality and is committed to sustainable practices in manufacturing. Husqvarna currently operates in over 100 countries worldwide. The Husqvarna T535iXP is a lightweight battery-powered chainsaw designed for professional use. It is powered by a high-performance brushless motor with up to 6.5 hp and runs for up to two hours on a single charge. It also features a 14-inch bar and chain with a chain speed of up to 20 m/sec. The Husqvarna T540iXP is another battery-powered chainsaw designed for commercial use, but with a slightly more powerful motor than the T535i. It has a high-performance brushless motor with up to 7 hp and can run for up to two hours on a single charge. It also has a 16-inch bar and chain with a maximum chain speed of 20 meters per second. In summary, the T535i is lighter and more portable than the T540iXP, but the T540iXP has a more powerful motor. Both chainsaws are designed for professional use and offer similar features, including high-performance brushless motors, long battery life, and high chain speeds. Husqvarna chain saws are known for their high quality, durability, and performance, including high-performance motors, easy-to-use controls, and automatic oiling systems. They also feature low vibration and low noise, making them easy to handle even when working for long hours. Recently, we have introduced battery-powered machines that are as quiet as possible for logging in urban areas. It is our important job to be considerate of our neighbors and not cause any inconvenience to them.

On January 16 (Mon.) - 17 (Tue.), 2023, Green & Smile held a "will-stacking course" at the Green & Smile Sanpodo for the purpose of passing on the skills and traditions of masonry. The day was very warm for this time of year, although the weather was a little cloudy. Participants were very enthusiastic about the masonry work, and we were happy to have people from as far away as Fukushima and Saitama participate in the event. We joined the masonry course team and have been working on the arrangements for a year now, so that we can back it up to the best of our ability.　Although it was not always easy, we were able to have a very meaningful time and experience organizing the masonry course with the members of this group. I have been involved in several events when I was younger, but there are many difficult aspects such as planning, collaboration, and division of roles. I hope I was able to use that experience to help a little with this event. Those who attended were able to make clipboards from the cedar trees that were cut down and given as gifts by the Pruner Sky Woodworking Department.　The red pine tea was also better received than expected. I hope to continue to share my knowledge and skills with various people through traditional empty piling using stone from Mie Prefecture, and to continue to convey the charm of masonry. Will Stacking Lecture - The Art and Lore of Masonry https://ishizumi.studio.site We have created a portfolio site with photos and other information from the masonry course, so please take a look at it if you are interested. We would like to express our sincere appreciation to those who participated in this year's event.